Urinary Tract Obstruction (UTO) is one of the most common etiologies of prenatal hydronephrosis, a condition that can lead to permanent kidney damage if left untreated. A group of researchers at Nationwide Children’s Hospital have developed a new way to use specific uroepithelial proteins such as Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) as biomarkers of obstructive uropathy. This non-invasive procedure tremendously improves early detection of UTO, informs surgical management and enables postoperative monitoring of patients.